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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed drugs for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They are not able to treat the disorder, but rather treat symptoms if taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication could include a change in heart rate and blood pressure as well as upset stomach, anxiety and tics. Certain teenagers and children who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, a central nervous stimulant is the most commonly used medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms such as a liquid, chewable tablet and a long-acting disintegrating orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. When used in conjunction with other treatments like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate may be an effective treatment for ADHD. web page by blocking the transporters that are normally responsible for removing these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Patients with diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication as it could cause rapid increases in blood sugar. Consult your physician in the event that you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition called Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness and discomfort in the fingers and toes. This is an uncommon side effect, however it is essential to inform your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There are some who believe that methylphenidate can slow down children's growth. However, this has not been proved. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate ensure that you monitor the weight and height carefully. If your child is taking a methylphenidate tablet and phenylalanine is present, it could pose a risk to children suffering from Phenylketonuria. If you have PKU, ask your doctor about different forms of methylphenidate. Stimulants are often considered to be the first choice medication for treating ADHD however, some individuals have issues with these medications. In these cases, doctors could prescribe another medication that works in a similar manner. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These drugs are a little more potent than methylphenidate, and they can last longer. They are usually taken twice or three times daily however some individuals might be able to take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD, but they are less likely to be effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known by the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a class called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which control brain's activity. It is a favorite among children and adults who want a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine is not effective instantly, and it can take up to six weeks for the effects of the medication to become apparent. Additionally, you could experience side-effects such as drowsiness, decreased appetite, and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine treatment group had greater improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson and co. 2001). In a different open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms when compared to the placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale gaining significant. However, one patient experienced a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one complained of increased fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine, talk to your doctor about your health history as well as any other medications or supplements that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medicines. It is crucial to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease, or an unusually sudden death. You should stay clear of the use of atomoxetine in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid and linezolid in the last 14 days or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant drug can help improve ADHD symptoms. It also helps reduce the amount of impulsivity and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the similar way that stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion is available as tablets and capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as instructed. If you stop taking it suddenly, you may have withdrawal symptoms. It's typically taken two or three times per day with a 4-6 hour interval between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times per day up to 150mg three or four times each day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and is excreted in urine, which means it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it can be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, which is why it's vital to monitor it regularly. In addition to reducing the symptoms of ADHD In addition, bupropion may reduce depression. It also helps treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medications. It is important to inform your doctor know if suffer from any allergies. Also, avoid caffeine or other stimulants, as they could make the adverse effects more severe. In a number of studies in a variety of studies, bupropion was compared with placebos for adults with ADHD. These studies produced mixed results and were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. The results suggest that bupropion can have an impact on ADHD. More research is needed to determine the positive effects for patients, including an improvement in quality of living. Before effective treatments can be created, it is necessary to understand the underlying causes of the molecular types of ADHD. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to know how various anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD aren't effective or cause adverse side effects, doctors might consider antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, like imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine as well as norepinephrine in the brain, which aids in helping people concentrate. These are old drugs that can have challenging adverse effects, so they're typically only considered after other medications have failed. The first choice of depression treatment is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, which have been around for decades, may still be utilized in certain instances. They are effective in treating neuropathic pain and other conditions however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor by blocking its reuptake. They also act as descending moderators for pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer during pregnancy and do not appear to cause teratogenicity in humans or animals. If suddenly stopped, they can cause withdrawal symptoms that are severe. Your doctor may suggest slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to lessen the negative effects. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It is believed to work by increasing neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It is also believed to ease anxiety, and it can be combined with stimulants to get faster and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, but many people have found relief through dietary supplements and herbal remedies. A diet low in fat and sugar may aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can also be helpful for some. Discuss with your doctor any medicines you or your child are taking as well as herbal remedies and prescription drugs. This will prevent interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to find the right dosage and dose for your child or yourself.